This Regulation establishes rules for import, export and transit measures for firearms, essential components and ammunition in the European Union. It implements Article 10 of the UN Firearms Protocol aimed at preventing illicit manufacturing and trafficking of firearms. The act introduces a comprehensive system of authorizations and controls for civilian firearms trade with non-EU countries.The Regulation consists of 6 chapters and 5 annexes covering: general provisions and definitions; import requirements; export requirements; supervision and controls; administration and cooperation; and final provisions. Key structural elements include detailed procedures for import/export authorizations, marking requirements, deactivation standards, and establishment of an electronic licensing system.The main provisions include:
- Mandatory import and export authorizations for firearms, components and ammunition
- Strict marking and traceability requirements
- Controls on deactivated firearms and alarm/signal weapons
- Creation of an EU-wide electronic licensing system
- Enhanced cooperation between customs and competent authorities
- Detailed record-keeping and statistical reporting obligations
- Post-shipment verification procedures
- Criminal record checks for authorization applicants
